GIU Essential (-ing and to ... 051-054)
GIU Essential (-ing and to ... 051-054)
Unit 051. work/working go/going do/doing
A
We use the infinitive with will/can/must etc.:
- Anna will be here soon.
- Shall I open the window?
- I might phone you later.
- May I sit here?
- I can’t meet you tomorrow.
- Could you pass the salt, please?
- It’s late. I must go now.
- You shouldn’t work so hard.
- Would you like some coffee?
We use the infinitive with do/does/did:
- Do you work?
- They don’t work very hard.
- Helen doesn’t know many people.
- How much does it cost?
- What time did the train leave?
- We didn’t sleep well.
B
to work / to go / to be etc. (to + infinitive)
- I’m going to play tennis tomorrow.
- What are you going to do?
- I have to go now.
- Everybody has to eat.
- Do you want to go out?
- They don’t want to come with us.
- I’d like to talk to you.
- Would you like to go out?
- Dave used to work in a factory.
C
working/going/playing etc.
- Please be quiet. I’m working.
- Tom isn’t working today.
- It was raining, so we didn’t go out.
- What were you doing when the phone rang?
Exercise
- I’ll phone Paul.
- I’m going to phone Paul.
- Can you phone Paul?
- Shall I phone Paul?
- I’d like to phone Paul.
- Do you have to phone Paul?
- You should phone Paul.
- I want to phone Paul.
- I might phone Paul.
You must phone Paul.
- Please be quiet. I’m working.
- I feel tired today. I didn’t sleep very well last night.
- What time do you usually get up in the morning?
- Where are you going?
- To the bank.
- Did you watch television last night?
- Look at that plane! It’s flying very low.
- You can turn off the radio. I’m not listening to it.
- They didn’t eat anything because they weren’t hungry.
- My friends were waiting for me when I arrived.
- Does Susan always wear glasses?
- No, only for reading.
- What are you doing tomorrow?
- I’m staying at home.
- Shall I open the window?
- It’s late. I have to go now.
- Amanda isn’t working this week. She’s on holiday.
- I’m tired. I don’t want to go out.
- It might be raining, so take an umbrella with you.
- What time do you have leave tomorrow morning?
- I’m sorry I can’t help you.
- My brother is student. He’s studying physics.
- Would you like to go on a trip round the world?
- When you saw Maria, what was she wearing?
- When you go to London, where are you going to stay?
- I’m hungry. I must have something to eat.
- Where’s Gary?
- He’s having a bath.
- I used to have a car, but I sold it last year.
- He spoke very quietly. I couldn’t hear him.
- You don’t look well. I don’t think you should go to work today.
- I don’t know what he said. I wasn’t listening to him.
- I’m sorry I’m late. I had to make a phone call.
- I want to know what happened. You must tell me.
- May I use your phone?
Unit 052. to … (I want to do) and -ing (I enjoy doing)
A
verbs + to … (I want to do)
want plan decide try hope expect offer forget need promise refuse learn
- What do you want to do this evening?
- It’s not very late. We don’t need to go home yet.
- Tina has decided to sell her car.
- You forgot to switch off the light when you went out.
- My brother is learning to drive.
- I tried to read my book, but I was too tired.
B
verbs + -ing (I enjoy reading)
enjoy stop mind finish suggest
- I enjoy dancing.
- I don’t mind getting up early.
- Has it stopped raining?
- Sonia suggested going to the cinema.
C
verbs + ing or to …
like love start prefer hate begin continue
- Do you like getting up early? or Do you like to get up early?
- I prefer travelling by car. or I prefer to travel by car.
- Anna loves dancing. or Anna loves to dance.
- I hate being late. or I hate to be late.
- It started raining. or It started to rain.
D
would like to … etc.
- Julia would like to meet you.
- I’d love to go to Australia.
- ‘Would you like to sit down?’
- No, I’d prefer to stand, thank you.
- I like this city very much. I wouldn’t like to move.
- I’d hate to lose my address book.
Exercise
- I enjoy dancing.
- What do you want to do tonight?
- Bye! I hope to see you again soon.
- I learnt to swim when I was five years old.
- Have you finished cleaning the kitchen?
- Where’s Anna? I need to ask her something.
- Do you enjoy visiting other countries?
- The weather was nice, so I suggested going for a walk by the river.
- Where’s Bill? He promised to be here on time.
- I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind waiting.
- What have you decided to do?
- Gary was very angry and refused to speak to me.
- I’m tired. I want to go to bed.
- I was very upset and started to cry / cring.
I’m trying to wrok. Please stop talking.
- Have you ever been to Australia?
- No, but I’d love to go.
- Jane had a lot to do, so I offered to help her.
- I’m surprised that you’re here. I didn’t expect to see you.
- Nicole has a lot of books. She enjoys reading.
- This ring was my grandmother’s. I’d hate to lose it.
- Don’t forget to send us a postcard when you’re on holiday.
- I’m not going out until it stops raining.
- What shall we do this afternoon? Would you like to go to the beach?
- When I’m tired in the evenings, I like to watch / watching television.
- Shall we go now?
- No, I’d prefer to wait a few minutes.
- Do you usually get up early?
- Yes, I like to get up early.
- Do you ever go to museums?
- Yes, I enjoy going to museums.
- Would you like to go to a museum now?
- No, I’m hungry. I’d prefer to go to a restaurant.
- Do you often write letters?
- No, I don’t like to write / writing letters.
- Have you ever been to New York?
- No, but I’d love to go (there).
- Do you often travel by train?
- Yes, I enjoy travelling by train.
- Shall we walk home or take a taxi?
- I don’t mind walking, but a taxi would be quicker.
Unit 053. I want you to … I told you to …
A
I want you to …
- The woman wants to go.
- The man doesn’t want the woman to go. He wants her to stay.
- I want you to be happy.
- They didn’t want anybody to know their secret.
- Do you want me to lend you some money?
We use would like in the same way:
- Would you like me to lend you some money?
B
We also use this structure (verb + somebody + to …) with:
- Sue asked a friend to lend her some money.
- I told you to be careful.
- What do you advise me to do?
- I didn’t expect them to be here.
- We persuaded Gary to come with us.
- I am teaching my brother to swim.
C
I told you to … / I told you not to …
- Jane told me to wait for her.
- Paul told Sue not to wait for him.
D
make and let
After make and let, we do not use to:
- He’s very funny. He makes me laugh.
- At school our teacher makes us work very hard.
- Sue let me use her computer because mine wasn’t working.
You can say Let’s …when you want people to do something with you:
- Come on! Let’s dance.
- Do you want to go out tonight?
- No, I’m tired. Let’s stay at home.
Exercise
- I want you to come with me.
- I want you to listen carefully.
- I don’t want you to be angry.
- Do you want me to wait for you?
- I don’t want you to phone me tonight.
I want you to meet Sarah.
- Dan persuaded me to go to the cinema.
- I wanted to go to the satation. A woman told me to turn left after the bridge.
- Brian wasn’t well. I advised him to go to the doctor.
- Linda had a lot of luggage. She asked me to help her.
- I was too busy to talk to Tom. I told him to come back in ten minutes.
- I wanted to make a phone call. Paul let me use his phone.
- Sue is going to phone later. I told her not to phone before 8 o’clock.
Ann’s mother taught her to play the piano.
- Please stay here. I don’t want you to go yet.
- I didn’t hear what she said, so I asked her to repeat it.
- Shall we begin?
- No, let’s wait a few minutes.
- Are they already here?
- I expected them to arrive much later.
- Kevin’s parents didn’t want him to get married.
- I want to stay here. You can’t make me go with you.
- Is that your bicycle?
- No, it’s John’s. He let me borrow it.
- Rachel can’t come to the party. She told me to tell you.
- Would you like a drink? Would you like me to make (or to get) some coffee?
- Kate doesn’t like me.
- What makes you think that?
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